Is virus a cell ( Virus vs cell)

Is virus a cell?

Everyone will have a cold in their lifetime, at this time you will cough and runny nose, it feels terrible. The worst thing about a cold is that although you can take medicine to improve symptoms, but you can’t do the same as when you get streptococcal laryngitis or toothache. Eat antibiotics to treat colds,

why

Okay, let ’s talk about the cause of the cold: the virus Colds are diseases caused by viral infections "Modern Cytology" says:

Each organism is composed of one or more cells but viruses, not cells Viruses are not considered biological because they lack of many life characteristics. But to call them inanimate is also controversial Antibiotics can kill bacteria, such as E. coli live cells. Antimycotic drugs can be used to kill molds that cause Hong Kong feet. Molds are also living cells. Viruses are neither bacteria nor mold.

 Nor can you classify viruses as prokaryotic bacteria or eukaryotic cells because the virus is not even a cell.

Image: Simple diagram of virus

What does the structure of the virus look like?

First, the virus is much smaller than the cell. You have to use an electron microscope to see the virus. The shape of the virus is ever-changing. Virus replication must have-host. Virus replication will cause problems with the host, whether the host is you, an insect, a plant, or this bacterium. Viruses are very specific to the host they want to infect. Anything alive can become a host for viruses. Because there are mechanisms in the cell that the virus depends on to replicate

Next, let ’s talk about the two circulating modes of virus replication

The first is the "lytic cycle". During the lysis period, the virus attaches to its host cell. Remember, the virus is very specific. It connects to the receptor on the surface of the cell, so that it can be docked. Next, the virus transfers its own genetic material,May be DNA or RNA Inject cells. Some viruses are swallowed entirely into cells. You might think that the cell will definitely notice the invasion. Virus DNA, RNA, or a complete virus but in many cases, this is not the case. Not only did the cells receive the genetic material of these viruses.

Cells use their own resources to help the virus work. They began to replicate a large number of viruses, and the number was so large that they broke the host ’s cell membrane. explosion! Dissolve! ! As a result, a newly reproduced army of viruses emerged from the cells Infect surrounding cells. This is called the "cracking period". By the way, for cells, the dissolution of cell membranes is fatal after the cell membrane ruptures, the cell has only one dead path.

Another cycle is called the "lysogenic cycle" Remember, this is a relatively long word correspondingly, this is a relatively long, sneaky loop. The viruses that entered this cycle did the same thing at the beginning: Inject genetic material into cells. But this time, these genetic material hiding in the host's genetic material. Later, when the host makes new cells, not only copied her genetic material also replicates the genetic material of the virus. Then, when these daughter cells divide into new cells, also copied her own genetic material and viral genetic material. This is the so-called "latent dissolution period".

This period does not seem to be too threatening. But when it was induced into the cracking period because all cells contain viral genetic material. The cells begin to assemble a large amount of virus, and the Daizhi is large. As for the reasons that induce the cells to enter the lysis phase, It's all-encompassing. Sometimes, it may be the stimulation of a certain chemical substance; Sometimes it is caused by the host ’s lack of food.

Back to the cold. Most of the time, a cold will help you. Your immune system will naturally handle it. Medicines will relieve your symptoms and make you more comfortable. Unfortunately, some viruses are very complex, such as HIV-AIDS-causing virus is very specific. It will connect to the CD4 glycoprotein on the surface of some special cells. E.g. T cells. This particular target of attack will cause great problems. 

Because T cells protect the body ’s immune system, plays a very important role. Because HIV targets these immune cells, people infected with HIV, will not resist infection. There are drugs now that can prevent HIV from replicating quickly. People are also constantly studying how to prevent viruses from attaching to cells. Once the virus cannot attach, it cannot inject genetic material. In the face of viruses, the biggest challenges are: Many viruses, including HIV, "mutate". Therapies that target a certain virus type may not be effective for mutants. Talking here, you might think: about viruses.

Isn't there a good thing?

Hmm ~ viruses play an important role in gene therapy, of course there are many spaces worth exploring. Also, remember we mentioned that some viruses can infect other species, for example insects. Some viruses can infect certain pests. This virus can be an alternative to chemical pesticides. For example, nuclear polyhedrosis virus is an object worth further exploration.

 However, whether it is a chemical or viral insecticide, We should all think about it. Their impact on the ecological environmentThe above is the report of Sister Amoeba. I hope you will keep a curious heart forever. The name sounds cool, but it is actually a virus that attacks bacteria. Although people love to paint this virus, but know Virus appearance is changeable. 

All viruses have a common characteristic:

They all have certain types of genetic material. These genetic materials can be DNA or RNA. Viruses usually have an outer membrane of a certain protein, we call it the capsid. The shell can protect genetic material such as DNA or RNA. Viruses can also have other structures, some viruses have special enzymes while some viruses have a coat. These structures may be helpful for virus replication.

 Virus vs cell

You're in line at the supermarket when, oh, oh, someone sneezes on you. The influenza virus enters the lungs and reaches a cell  in the respiratory wall. Every being on the planet  is made of cells, from single-celled bacteria even the giant blue whale, or you.

Image: Influenza virus

Each cell is surrounded by a cell membrane, a flexible layer composed  of fats and proteins, that surround and protect the internal components. It is semipermeable, I mean, let certain things in and out but it blocks others.

The membrane is covered by small protrusions, they have functions like the cells stick or join the necessary nutrients. Animals and vegetables have membranes. vegetables have a cell wall, formed by rigid cellulose that gives structure to the plant.

The virus cell that enters the lungs is cunning. Pretending to be friends, binds to a protrusion of the cell membrane, traversing it and reaching the cell. When the virus enters, the cell recognizes its error. An enemy has entered! There are also some enzymes that reduce the virus to pieces. Then they send one of the pieces through the membrane, and they warn neighboring cells about the invader. A neighboring cell sees it and it immediately goes into action.

You have to make antibodies, proteins that will end with the invading virus. This process begins at the core. The nucleus contains our DNA, that tells the cells how to do everything what is necessary for the body to function. A part of our DNA contains instructions that tell cells how to create antibodies. Enzymes find the right section of DNA and they copy these instructions, it is the messenger RNA. The messenger RNA leaves the nucleus to execute its orders. Messenger RNA goes to a ribosome.

There may be 10 million ribosomes in a human cell, all of them in the form of a bow, forming the endoplasmic reticulum. This ribosome reads the instructions from the nucleus. Take amino acids and link them one by one creating an antibody that will fight the virus. But before that, the antibody has to leave the cell. The antibody is directed to the Golgi apparatus. Here they prepare it to leave the cell. Covered by a bubble equal to the cell membrane. The Golgi apparatus also instructs the antibody so that it reaches the edge of the cell.

Image: Cell organells of animal cell

Once there, the bubble fuses with the cell membrane. The cell expels the antibody, and goes to locate the virus. Bubble residue is removed by lysosomes and its parts are recycled over and over again. Where do you get the energy to do this? That is the role of the mitochondria. To produce energy, it takes oxygen, For this reason alone we breathe, and adds electrons from the food to form water molecules. This process creates an energy molecule called ATP that the cell distributes by its components. Plant cells create energy differently Have chloroplast that combine CO2 and water with the light energy of the sun to create oxygen and sugar, a form of chemical energy.

All parts work together to make things work well and all cells do the same so there are no problems. They are a lot of cells. Scientists estimate that there are about 37 trillion cells.